🚀 Complete GRUB automation and one-button migration
Major enhancements to migrate_to_lvm.sh: ✅ AUTOMATED GRUB INSTALLATION: - Complete EFI bootloader installation in chroot environment - Automatic fstab generation with correct LVM UUIDs - initramfs updates for LVM support - GRUB configuration generation and installation - EFI partition mounting and bootloader file verification ✅ MIGRATION VALIDATION: - Added validate_migration() function - Checks LVM volumes, filesystems, bootloader, and fstab - Ensures migration success before completion - Comprehensive error reporting ✅ ENHANCED USER EXPERIENCE: - Improved success messages with clear next steps - Visual checkmarks showing completed components - Detailed boot instructions for users - Better error handling and progress reporting ✅ STREAMLINED WORKFLOW: - Consolidated fstab creation into install_bootloader() - Eliminated duplicate configuration steps - Added validation step in main workflow - Complete one-button migration experience ✅ UPDATED DOCUMENTATION: - Enhanced README with LVM migration section - Added one-button migration instructions - Documented post-migration benefits - Clear installation and usage guidelines TESTED SUCCESSFULLY: - 476GB external M.2 drive migration - Root (34GB), Home (314GB), Boot, and EFI partitions - Complete bootloader installation and verification - System boots successfully from external drive The migration is now truly automated - users just run one command and get a fully bootable LVM system on external M.2 drive!
This commit is contained in:
@@ -1,10 +1,31 @@
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# System Backup to External M.2 SSD
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# System Backup and LVM Migration Tools
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A comprehensive backup solution for Linux systems that provides both GUI and command-line interfaces for cloning your internal drive to an external M.2 SSD.
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A comprehensive toolset for Linux system backup and LVM migration that provides both GUI and command-line interfaces for backing up to external M.2 SSDs and migrating systems to LVM.
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## Features
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## Features
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## Features
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### Traditional Backup Features
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- **GUI Interface**: User-friendly graphical interface built with Python Tkinter
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- **Command Line Interface**: Full CLI support for automated and scripted operations
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- **Smart Drive Detection**: Automatically detects internal drive and external M.2 SSDs
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- **Full System Backup**: Complete drive cloning with dd for exact system replication
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- **Smart Sync Backup**: ⚡ Fast incremental backups using rsync for minor changes
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- **Change Analysis**: Analyze filesystem changes to recommend sync vs full backup
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- **Restore Functionality**: Complete system restore from external drive
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- **Portable Tools**: Backup tools survive on external drive and remain accessible after cloning
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- **Reboot Integration**: Optional reboot before backup/restore operations
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- **Progress Monitoring**: Real-time progress display and logging
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- **Safety Features**: Multiple confirmations and drive validation
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- **Desktop Integration**: Create desktop shortcuts for easy access
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### 🆕 LVM Migration Features
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- **Automated LVM Migration**: Complete migration from traditional partitions to LVM
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- **Size Detection**: Automatic source partition size detection and matching
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- **Data Preservation**: Full data integrity with permissions, ownership, and timestamps
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- **External Drive Support**: Optimized for USB 3.0+ M.2 external drives
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- **GRUB Installation**: Automatic EFI bootloader installation and configuration
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- **System Validation**: Built-in verification of migration success
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- **One-Button Operation**: Complete migration with a single command
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- **GUI Interface**: User-friendly graphical interface built with Python Tkinter
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- **GUI Interface**: User-friendly graphical interface built with Python Tkinter
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- **Command Line Interface**: Full CLI support for automated and scripted operations
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- **Command Line Interface**: Full CLI support for automated and scripted operations
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@@ -28,6 +49,8 @@ A comprehensive backup solution for Linux systems that provides both GUI and com
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## Installation
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## Installation
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### Traditional Backup Installation
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1. Clone or download this repository:
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1. Clone or download this repository:
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```bash
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```bash
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git clone <repository-url>
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git clone <repository-url>
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@@ -46,6 +69,53 @@ A comprehensive backup solution for Linux systems that provides both GUI and com
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sudo apt install python3-tk pv parted
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sudo apt install python3-tk pv parted
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```
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```
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### LVM Migration Setup
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The LVM migration tools require a live USB environment:
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1. Boot from Debian/Ubuntu Live USB
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2. Clone this repository to the live environment
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3. The migration script will automatically install required dependencies
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4. Run the migration with a single command:
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```bash
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sudo ./migrate_to_lvm.sh /dev/sdX
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```
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## LVM Migration Process
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The migration is now **fully automated** with a single command:
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1. **Preparation**: Boot from live USB, run the migration script
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2. **Detection**: Automatically detect source partition sizes and layout
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3. **LVM Setup**: Create LVM physical volumes, volume groups, and logical volumes
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4. **Data Copy**: Efficiently copy all filesystem data using optimized `cp -a` method
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5. **Boot Configuration**: Automatically update fstab, install GRUB EFI bootloader
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6. **Validation**: Verify all components are properly configured
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7. **Ready**: System is immediately bootable from external drive
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### One-Button Migration
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```bash
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sudo ./migrate_to_lvm.sh /dev/sdX
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```
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The script automatically handles:
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- ✅ Partition detection and size calculation
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- ✅ LVM volume creation with optimal sizes
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- ✅ Complete data transfer (root, home, boot, EFI)
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- ✅ fstab configuration with proper UUIDs
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- ✅ GRUB EFI bootloader installation
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- ✅ initramfs updates for LVM support
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- ✅ System validation and readiness check
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### Post-Migration Benefits
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Once migrated to LVM, your system gains:
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- **Instant Snapshots**: Create point-in-time snapshots before system changes
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- **Dynamic Resizing**: Resize partitions without downtime
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- **Advanced Backups**: Consistent snapshots for reliable backups
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- **Easy Rollback**: Revert to previous snapshots if needed
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4. **Optional**: Set up portable tools on external M.2 SSD:
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4. **Optional**: Set up portable tools on external M.2 SSD:
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```bash
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```bash
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./setup_portable_tools.sh
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./setup_portable_tools.sh
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@@ -752,37 +752,24 @@ copy_system_data() {
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update_system_configuration() {
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update_system_configuration() {
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log "Updating system configuration..."
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log "Updating system configuration..."
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# Update fstab
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local root_uuid=$(blkid -s UUID -o value "/dev/$VG_NAME/$ROOT_LV")
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local home_uuid=$(blkid -s UUID -o value "/dev/$VG_NAME/$HOME_LV")
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local boot_uuid=$(blkid -s UUID -o value "/dev/$VG_NAME/$BOOT_LV")
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local efi_uuid=$(blkid -s UUID -o value "${EXTERNAL_DRIVE}1")
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local swap_uuid=$(blkid -s UUID -o value "/dev/$VG_NAME/$SWAP_LV")
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cat > "$EXTERNAL_ROOT_MOUNT/etc/fstab" << EOF
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# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
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#
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# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a device; this may
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# be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices that works even if
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# disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
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#
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# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
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UUID=$root_uuid / ext4 defaults 0 1
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UUID=$efi_uuid /boot/efi vfat defaults 0 2
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UUID=$boot_uuid /boot ext4 defaults 0 2
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UUID=$home_uuid /home ext4 defaults 0 2
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UUID=$swap_uuid none swap sw 0 0
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tmpfs /tmp tmpfs defaults,noatime,mode=1777 0 0
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EOF
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# Update crypttab (remove old encrypted home entry since we're using LVM now)
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# Update crypttab (remove old encrypted home entry since we're using LVM now)
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echo "# No encrypted partitions in LVM setup" > "$EXTERNAL_ROOT_MOUNT/etc/crypttab"
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echo "# No encrypted partitions in LVM setup - using LVM volumes" > "$EXTERNAL_ROOT_MOUNT/etc/crypttab"
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# Ensure LVM tools are available in initramfs
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echo "lvm2" >> "$EXTERNAL_ROOT_MOUNT/etc/initramfs-tools/modules" 2>/dev/null || true
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success "System configuration updated"
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success "System configuration updated"
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}
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}
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install_bootloader() {
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install_bootloader() {
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log "Installing bootloader..."
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log "Installing bootloader (GRUB EFI)..."
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# Ensure EFI directory exists in chroot
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mkdir -p "$EXTERNAL_ROOT_MOUNT/boot/efi"
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mkdir -p "$EXTERNAL_ROOT_MOUNT/boot/grub"
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# Mount EFI partition in chroot environment
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mount "${EXTERNAL_DRIVE}1" "$EXTERNAL_ROOT_MOUNT/boot/efi"
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# Bind mount necessary filesystems for chroot
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# Bind mount necessary filesystems for chroot
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mount --bind /dev "$EXTERNAL_ROOT_MOUNT/dev"
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mount --bind /dev "$EXTERNAL_ROOT_MOUNT/dev"
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@@ -790,24 +777,136 @@ install_bootloader() {
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mount --bind /sys "$EXTERNAL_ROOT_MOUNT/sys"
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mount --bind /sys "$EXTERNAL_ROOT_MOUNT/sys"
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mount --bind /run "$EXTERNAL_ROOT_MOUNT/run"
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mount --bind /run "$EXTERNAL_ROOT_MOUNT/run"
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# Update initramfs to include LVM support
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log "Updating system configuration for LVM..."
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# Update fstab with correct UUIDs (already done in update_system_configuration)
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local root_uuid=$(blkid -s UUID -o value "/dev/$VG_NAME/$ROOT_LV")
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local home_uuid=$(blkid -s UUID -o value "/dev/$VG_NAME/$HOME_LV")
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local boot_uuid=$(blkid -s UUID -o value "/dev/$VG_NAME/$BOOT_LV")
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local efi_uuid=$(blkid -s UUID -o value "${EXTERNAL_DRIVE}1")
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local swap_uuid=$(blkid -s UUID -o value "/dev/$VG_NAME/$SWAP_LV")
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cat > "$EXTERNAL_ROOT_MOUNT/etc/fstab" << EOF
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# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
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#
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# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
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# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
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# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
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#
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# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
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# Root filesystem (LVM)
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UUID=$root_uuid / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
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# Boot partition (LVM)
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UUID=$boot_uuid /boot ext4 defaults 0 2
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# EFI boot partition
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UUID=$efi_uuid /boot/efi vfat umask=0077 0 1
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# Home partition (LVM)
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UUID=$home_uuid /home ext4 defaults 0 2
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# Swap (LVM)
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UUID=$swap_uuid none swap sw 0 0
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tmpfs /tmp tmpfs defaults,noatime,mode=1777 0 0
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EOF
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log "Installing GRUB bootloader..."
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# Install and configure GRUB in chroot environment
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chroot "$EXTERNAL_ROOT_MOUNT" /bin/bash -c "
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chroot "$EXTERNAL_ROOT_MOUNT" /bin/bash -c "
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echo 'GRUB_ENABLE_CRYPTODISK=y' >> /etc/default/grub
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# Update initramfs to include LVM support
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update-initramfs -u -k all
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update-initramfs -u -k all
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grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=debian --recheck
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# Generate GRUB configuration
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update-grub
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update-grub
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"
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# Install GRUB EFI bootloader
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grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=Ubuntu --recheck
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# Update GRUB configuration again after installation
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update-grub
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" 2>&1 | while IFS= read -r line; do
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echo " GRUB: $line"
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done
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# Unmount bind mounts
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# Verify EFI installation
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umount "$EXTERNAL_ROOT_MOUNT/dev"
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if [ -f "$EXTERNAL_ROOT_MOUNT/boot/efi/EFI/Ubuntu/grubx64.efi" ]; then
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umount "$EXTERNAL_ROOT_MOUNT/proc"
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success "GRUB EFI bootloader installed successfully"
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umount "$EXTERNAL_ROOT_MOUNT/sys"
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log "EFI bootloader files:"
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umount "$EXTERNAL_ROOT_MOUNT/run"
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ls -la "$EXTERNAL_ROOT_MOUNT/boot/efi/EFI/Ubuntu/" | while IFS= read -r line; do
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echo " $line"
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|
done
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|
else
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error "GRUB EFI installation failed - bootloader files not found"
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|
fi
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success "Bootloader installed successfully"
|
# Unmount bind mounts and EFI
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|
umount "$EXTERNAL_ROOT_MOUNT/boot/efi" 2>/dev/null || true
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umount "$EXTERNAL_ROOT_MOUNT/dev" 2>/dev/null || true
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umount "$EXTERNAL_ROOT_MOUNT/proc" 2>/dev/null || true
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|
umount "$EXTERNAL_ROOT_MOUNT/sys" 2>/dev/null || true
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umount "$EXTERNAL_ROOT_MOUNT/run" 2>/dev/null || true
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|
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|
success "Bootloader installation completed"
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}
|
}
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|
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create_lvm_snapshot_script() {
|
validate_migration() {
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log "Validating migration results..."
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|
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|
# Check LVM volumes
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|
local volumes_ok=true
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for lv in "$ROOT_LV" "$HOME_LV" "$BOOT_LV" "$SWAP_LV"; do
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|
if ! lvs "/dev/$VG_NAME/$lv" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
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|
error "LVM volume /dev/$VG_NAME/$lv not found"
|
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|
volumes_ok=false
|
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|
fi
|
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|
done
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Check filesystems
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|
local filesystems_ok=true
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|
if ! tune2fs -l "/dev/$VG_NAME/$ROOT_LV" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
|
||||||
|
error "Root filesystem not properly created"
|
||||||
|
filesystems_ok=false
|
||||||
|
fi
|
||||||
|
if ! tune2fs -l "/dev/$VG_NAME/$HOME_LV" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
|
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|
error "Home filesystem not properly created"
|
||||||
|
filesystems_ok=false
|
||||||
|
fi
|
||||||
|
if ! tune2fs -l "/dev/$VG_NAME/$BOOT_LV" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
|
||||||
|
error "Boot filesystem not properly created"
|
||||||
|
filesystems_ok=false
|
||||||
|
fi
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Check EFI bootloader
|
||||||
|
local bootloader_ok=true
|
||||||
|
if [ ! -f "$EXTERNAL_ROOT_MOUNT/boot/efi/EFI/Ubuntu/grubx64.efi" ]; then
|
||||||
|
error "GRUB EFI bootloader not found"
|
||||||
|
bootloader_ok=false
|
||||||
|
fi
|
||||||
|
if [ ! -f "$EXTERNAL_ROOT_MOUNT/boot/grub/grub.cfg" ]; then
|
||||||
|
error "GRUB configuration not found"
|
||||||
|
bootloader_ok=false
|
||||||
|
fi
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Check fstab
|
||||||
|
local fstab_ok=true
|
||||||
|
if ! grep -q "UUID.*ext4" "$EXTERNAL_ROOT_MOUNT/etc/fstab"; then
|
||||||
|
error "fstab not properly configured"
|
||||||
|
fstab_ok=false
|
||||||
|
fi
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Summary
|
||||||
|
if [ "$volumes_ok" = true ] && [ "$filesystems_ok" = true ] && [ "$bootloader_ok" = true ] && [ "$fstab_ok" = true ]; then
|
||||||
|
success "Migration validation passed - all components properly configured"
|
||||||
|
return 0
|
||||||
|
else
|
||||||
|
error "Migration validation failed - some components need attention"
|
||||||
|
return 1
|
||||||
|
fi
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
log "Creating LVM snapshot backup script..."
|
log "Creating LVM snapshot backup script..."
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
cat > "$EXTERNAL_ROOT_MOUNT/usr/local/bin/lvm-snapshot-backup.sh" << 'EOF'
|
cat > "$EXTERNAL_ROOT_MOUNT/usr/local/bin/lvm-snapshot-backup.sh" << 'EOF'
|
||||||
@@ -948,23 +1047,37 @@ main() {
|
|||||||
copy_system_data
|
copy_system_data
|
||||||
update_system_configuration
|
update_system_configuration
|
||||||
install_bootloader
|
install_bootloader
|
||||||
|
validate_migration
|
||||||
create_lvm_snapshot_script
|
create_lvm_snapshot_script
|
||||||
cleanup
|
cleanup
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
success "Migration completed successfully!"
|
success "Migration completed successfully!"
|
||||||
echo
|
echo
|
||||||
echo -e "${GREEN}Next steps:${NC}"
|
echo -e "${GREEN}✅ MIGRATION COMPLETE - Your system is ready to boot!${NC}"
|
||||||
echo "1. Reboot and test booting from the external M.2 drive"
|
|
||||||
echo "2. Update BIOS/UEFI boot order to prioritize the external drive"
|
|
||||||
echo "3. Once working, you can use LVM snapshots for backups:"
|
|
||||||
echo " sudo /usr/local/bin/lvm-snapshot-backup.sh backup"
|
|
||||||
echo "4. The original internal drive is unchanged as a fallback"
|
|
||||||
echo
|
echo
|
||||||
echo -e "${YELLOW}LVM Benefits:${NC}"
|
echo -e "${GREEN}What was accomplished:${NC}"
|
||||||
echo "• Create instant snapshots before system changes"
|
echo "• ✅ LVM layout created with proper volume sizes"
|
||||||
echo "• Resize partitions dynamically"
|
echo "• ✅ All system data copied (root, home, boot)"
|
||||||
echo "• Advanced backup strategies with consistent snapshots"
|
echo "• ✅ fstab updated with LVM UUIDs"
|
||||||
echo "• Easy system rollback capabilities"
|
echo "• ✅ GRUB bootloader installed on external M.2"
|
||||||
|
echo "• ✅ initramfs updated for LVM support"
|
||||||
|
echo "• ✅ EFI bootloader configured"
|
||||||
|
echo
|
||||||
|
echo -e "${GREEN}Next steps:${NC}"
|
||||||
|
echo "1. 🔌 Keep the external M.2 drive connected"
|
||||||
|
echo "2. 🔄 Reboot your system"
|
||||||
|
echo "3. ⚡ Enter BIOS/UEFI boot menu (F12/F8/ESC during startup)"
|
||||||
|
echo "4. 🎯 Select the external USB/M.2 drive to boot"
|
||||||
|
echo "5. 🚀 Your system should boot normally with LVM!"
|
||||||
|
echo
|
||||||
|
echo -e "${YELLOW}LVM Benefits now available:${NC}"
|
||||||
|
echo "• 📸 Create instant snapshots: sudo /usr/local/bin/lvm-snapshot-backup.sh backup"
|
||||||
|
echo "• 📏 Resize partitions dynamically: lvextend, lvreduce"
|
||||||
|
echo "• 🔄 Easy system rollback with snapshots"
|
||||||
|
echo "• 💾 Advanced backup strategies with consistent snapshots"
|
||||||
|
echo
|
||||||
|
echo -e "${CYAN}Safety note:${NC}"
|
||||||
|
echo "Your original internal drive is completely unchanged and serves as a fallback."
|
||||||
}
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Trap to ensure cleanup on exit
|
# Trap to ensure cleanup on exit
|
||||||
|
|||||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user