29347fc8a6
- snapshot_migrate_to_internal.sh: Complete snapshot-based migration from external M.2 to internal NVMe - preview_snapshot_migration.sh: Preview script showing snapshot migration process - migrate_lvm_to_internal.sh: Alternative rsync-based migration script - preview_migration.sh: Preview for rsync-based migration Key features: - LVM snapshot creation of ALL logical volumes (root, home, boot, swap) - Block-level dd copying for exact system clone - Automatic LVM structure setup on internal drive - GRUB/EFI boot configuration - Future snapshot management tools - Space-efficient one-at-a-time processing Migration preserves complete live system state with bit-perfect accuracy.
367 lines
12 KiB
Bash
Executable File
367 lines
12 KiB
Bash
Executable File
#!/bin/bash
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# Snapshot-Based LVM Migration Script: External M.2 to Internal NVMe
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# Creates snapshots of ALL partitions and transfers them to internal drive
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set -euo pipefail
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# Colors for output
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RED='\033[0;31m'
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GREEN='\033[0;32m'
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YELLOW='\033[1;33m'
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BLUE='\033[0;34m'
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NC='\033[0m' # No Color
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# Configuration
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EXTERNAL_DRIVE="/dev/sda"
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INTERNAL_DRIVE="/dev/nvme0n1"
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SOURCE_VG="migration-vg"
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TARGET_VG="internal-vg"
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BACKUP_DIR="/tmp/lvm_snapshot_migration"
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# Logging
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LOG_FILE="/var/log/lvm_snapshot_migration.log"
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exec 1> >(tee -a "$LOG_FILE")
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exec 2> >(tee -a "$LOG_FILE" >&2)
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log_info() {
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echo -e "${GREEN}[INFO]${NC} $(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'): $1"
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}
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log_warn() {
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echo -e "${YELLOW}[WARN]${NC} $(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'): $1"
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}
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log_error() {
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echo -e "${RED}[ERROR]${NC} $(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'): $1"
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}
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log_step() {
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echo -e "${BLUE}[STEP]${NC} $(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'): $1"
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}
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# Safety checks
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safety_checks() {
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log_step "Performing safety checks..."
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# Check if running as root
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if [[ $EUID -ne 0 ]]; then
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log_error "This script must be run as root (use sudo)"
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exit 1
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fi
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# Verify we're booted from external drive
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root_device=$(findmnt -n -o SOURCE /)
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if [[ "$root_device" != "/dev/mapper/migration--vg-root" ]]; then
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log_error "Not booted from external LVM! Current root: $root_device"
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exit 1
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fi
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# Check drives exist
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if [[ ! -b "$EXTERNAL_DRIVE" ]] || [[ ! -b "$INTERNAL_DRIVE" ]]; then
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log_error "Required drives not found"
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exit 1
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fi
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# Check LVM tools
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if ! command -v lvcreate &> /dev/null; then
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log_error "LVM tools not found"
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exit 1
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fi
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log_info "Safety checks passed"
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}
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# Create backup directory and metadata
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create_backup_metadata() {
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log_step "Creating backup metadata..."
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mkdir -p "$BACKUP_DIR"
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# Backup LVM metadata
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vgcfgbackup -f "$BACKUP_DIR/vg_backup" "$SOURCE_VG"
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# Save current LV information
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lvs "$SOURCE_VG" > "$BACKUP_DIR/lv_info.txt"
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vgs "$SOURCE_VG" > "$BACKUP_DIR/vg_info.txt"
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pvs > "$BACKUP_DIR/pv_info.txt"
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# Save partition information
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lsblk > "$BACKUP_DIR/lsblk_before.txt"
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log_info "Backup metadata created"
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}
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# Prepare internal drive with identical structure
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prepare_internal_drive() {
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log_step "Preparing internal drive..."
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echo -e "${RED}WARNING: This will completely wipe $INTERNAL_DRIVE${NC}"
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read -p "Type 'YES' to continue: " confirm
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if [[ "$confirm" != "YES" ]]; then
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log_error "Migration cancelled"
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exit 1
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fi
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# Clean up any existing mounts/LVM on internal drive
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for mount in $(findmnt -n -o TARGET -S "$INTERNAL_DRIVE"* 2>/dev/null || true); do
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umount "$mount" || true
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done
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# Deactivate any existing VGs on internal drive
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for vg in $(vgs --noheadings -o vg_name 2>/dev/null | grep -v "$SOURCE_VG" || true); do
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vgchange -an "$vg" 2>/dev/null || true
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done
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# Wipe the drive
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wipefs -af "$INTERNAL_DRIVE"
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# Create identical partition structure to external drive
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log_info "Creating partition table..."
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sfdisk -d "$EXTERNAL_DRIVE" | sfdisk "$INTERNAL_DRIVE"
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# Wait for partitions to appear
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sleep 3
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partprobe "$INTERNAL_DRIVE"
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sleep 3
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log_info "Internal drive partitioned"
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}
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# Create LVM structure on internal drive
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setup_internal_lvm() {
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log_step "Setting up LVM on internal drive..."
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# Create physical volume on the LVM partition
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pvcreate "${INTERNAL_DRIVE}p2" -ff
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# Create volume group with extra space for snapshots
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vgcreate "$TARGET_VG" "${INTERNAL_DRIVE}p2"
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# Get exact sizes from source LVs
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declare -A lv_sizes
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while IFS= read -r line; do
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lv_name=$(echo "$line" | awk '{print $1}')
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lv_size=$(echo "$line" | awk '{print $2}')
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lv_sizes["$lv_name"]="$lv_size"
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done < <(lvs --noheadings --units b --nosuffix -o lv_name,lv_size "$SOURCE_VG")
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# Create LVs with exact same sizes
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for lv in root home boot swap; do
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if [[ -n "${lv_sizes[$lv]:-}" ]]; then
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size_bytes="${lv_sizes[$lv]}"
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log_info "Creating LV $lv with size $size_bytes bytes"
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lvcreate -L "${size_bytes}b" -n "$lv" "$TARGET_VG"
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fi
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done
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log_info "Internal LVM structure created"
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}
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# Create temporary snapshots and transfer via dd
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transfer_with_snapshots() {
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log_step "Transferring data using snapshots..."
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# Calculate optimal snapshot size (use available free space)
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free_space=$(vgs --noheadings --units m --nosuffix -o vg_free "$SOURCE_VG" | tr -d ' ' | tr ',' '.')
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# Use 80% of free space for snapshots, divided by number of LVs
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snapshot_size=$(echo "$free_space * 0.8 / 4" | bc | cut -d. -f1)
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if (( snapshot_size < 100 )); then
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log_error "Not enough free space for snapshots. Need at least 400MB free."
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exit 1
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fi
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log_info "Using ${snapshot_size}MB for each snapshot"
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# Process each logical volume
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for lv in root home boot swap; do
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log_step "Processing $lv..."
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# Create snapshot
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log_info "Creating snapshot of $lv..."
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if ! lvcreate -L "${snapshot_size}M" -s -n "${lv}_snapshot" "$SOURCE_VG/$lv"; then
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log_error "Failed to create snapshot for $lv"
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continue
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fi
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# Copy data using dd with progress
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log_info "Copying $lv data to internal drive..."
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if [[ "$lv" == "swap" ]]; then
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# For swap, just copy the LV structure
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dd if="/dev/$SOURCE_VG/${lv}_snapshot" of="/dev/$TARGET_VG/$lv" bs=1M status=progress
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else
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# For filesystems, use dd for exact copy
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dd if="/dev/$SOURCE_VG/${lv}_snapshot" of="/dev/$TARGET_VG/$lv" bs=1M status=progress
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fi
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# Remove snapshot to free space for next one
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log_info "Removing snapshot of $lv..."
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lvremove -f "$SOURCE_VG/${lv}_snapshot"
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log_info "Completed transfer of $lv"
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done
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log_info "All data transferred successfully"
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}
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# Setup boot for internal drive
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configure_internal_boot() {
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log_step "Configuring boot for internal drive..."
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# Format and mount EFI partition
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mkfs.fat -F32 "${INTERNAL_DRIVE}p1" || true
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mkdir -p /mnt/internal_efi
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mount "${INTERNAL_DRIVE}p1" /mnt/internal_efi
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# Mount internal filesystems
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mkdir -p /mnt/internal_root /mnt/internal_boot /mnt/internal_home
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mount "/dev/$TARGET_VG/root" /mnt/internal_root
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mount "/dev/$TARGET_VG/boot" /mnt/internal_boot
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mount "/dev/$TARGET_VG/home" /mnt/internal_home
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# Mount EFI in the target system
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mkdir -p /mnt/internal_root/boot/efi
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mount "${INTERNAL_DRIVE}p1" /mnt/internal_root/boot/efi
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# Update fstab for new VG
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log_info "Updating fstab..."
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cat > /mnt/internal_root/etc/fstab << EOF
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# Internal LVM Configuration
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/dev/$TARGET_VG/root / ext4 defaults 0 1
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/dev/$TARGET_VG/boot /boot ext4 defaults 0 2
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/dev/$TARGET_VG/home /home ext4 defaults 0 2
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/dev/$TARGET_VG/swap none swap sw 0 0
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${INTERNAL_DRIVE}p1 /boot/efi vfat umask=0077 0 1
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EOF
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# Prepare chroot environment
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mount --bind /dev /mnt/internal_root/dev
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mount --bind /proc /mnt/internal_root/proc
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mount --bind /sys /mnt/internal_root/sys
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mount --bind /run /mnt/internal_root/run
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# Update initramfs and install GRUB
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log_info "Updating initramfs and GRUB..."
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chroot /mnt/internal_root /bin/bash -c "update-initramfs -u -k all"
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chroot /mnt/internal_root /bin/bash -c "grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=Internal-LVM"
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chroot /mnt/internal_root /bin/bash -c "update-grub"
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# Clean up mounts
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umount /mnt/internal_root/dev /mnt/internal_root/proc /mnt/internal_root/sys /mnt/internal_root/run
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umount /mnt/internal_root/boot/efi
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umount /mnt/internal_efi /mnt/internal_root /mnt/internal_boot /mnt/internal_home
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log_info "Boot configuration completed"
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}
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# Setup snapshot capabilities on internal drive
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setup_snapshot_tools() {
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log_step "Setting up snapshot tools on internal drive..."
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# Remount for tool installation
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mount "/dev/$TARGET_VG/root" /mnt/internal_root
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# Create snapshot management script
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cat > /mnt/internal_root/usr/local/bin/lvm-snapshot-manager << 'EOFSCRIPT'
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#!/bin/bash
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# LVM Snapshot Manager for Internal Drive
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VG_NAME="internal-vg"
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case "$1" in
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create)
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echo "Creating LVM snapshots..."
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# Calculate available space for snapshots
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free_space=$(vgs --noheadings --units g --nosuffix -o vg_free "$VG_NAME" | tr -d ' ')
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snapshot_size=$(echo "$free_space / 4" | bc)G
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lvcreate -L "$snapshot_size" -s -n root_backup "$VG_NAME/root"
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lvcreate -L "$snapshot_size" -s -n home_backup "$VG_NAME/home"
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lvcreate -L "$snapshot_size" -s -n boot_backup "$VG_NAME/boot"
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echo "Snapshots created with size: $snapshot_size each"
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;;
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remove)
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echo "Removing LVM snapshots..."
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lvremove -f "$VG_NAME/root_backup" 2>/dev/null || true
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lvremove -f "$VG_NAME/home_backup" 2>/dev/null || true
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lvremove -f "$VG_NAME/boot_backup" 2>/dev/null || true
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echo "Snapshots removed"
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;;
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list)
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echo "Current snapshots:"
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lvs "$VG_NAME" | grep backup || echo "No snapshots found"
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;;
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merge)
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if [[ -z "$2" ]]; then
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echo "Usage: $0 merge <snapshot_name>"
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exit 1
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fi
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echo "Merging snapshot $2..."
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lvconvert --merge "$VG_NAME/$2"
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echo "Snapshot merge initiated (reboot required to complete)"
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;;
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*)
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echo "Usage: $0 {create|remove|list|merge <snapshot_name>}"
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exit 1
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;;
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esac
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EOFSCRIPT
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chmod +x /mnt/internal_root/usr/local/bin/lvm-snapshot-manager
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umount /mnt/internal_root
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log_info "Snapshot tools installed"
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}
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# Cleanup function
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cleanup() {
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log_info "Cleaning up..."
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# Remove any remaining snapshots
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for snap in $(lvs --noheadings -o lv_name "$SOURCE_VG" 2>/dev/null | grep snapshot || true); do
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lvremove -f "$SOURCE_VG/$snap" 2>/dev/null || true
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done
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# Unmount any remaining mounts
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for mount in /mnt/internal_*; do
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umount "$mount" 2>/dev/null || true
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rmdir "$mount" 2>/dev/null || true
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done
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}
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# Main migration function
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main() {
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log_info "Starting snapshot-based LVM migration"
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log_info "Source: $EXTERNAL_DRIVE ($SOURCE_VG) -> Target: $INTERNAL_DRIVE ($TARGET_VG)"
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safety_checks
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create_backup_metadata
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prepare_internal_drive
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setup_internal_lvm
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transfer_with_snapshots
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configure_internal_boot
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setup_snapshot_tools
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cleanup
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log_info "Migration completed successfully!"
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echo
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echo -e "${GREEN}SUCCESS!${NC} Snapshot-based LVM migration completed"
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echo
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echo "Next steps:"
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echo "1. Reboot and select internal drive in BIOS/UEFI"
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echo "2. Verify all systems working from internal LVM"
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echo "3. Test snapshot functionality: sudo lvm-snapshot-manager create"
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echo "4. External M.2 can now be used as backup drive"
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echo
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echo "The internal drive now has:"
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echo "- Complete copy of your current system"
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echo "- LVM with snapshot capabilities"
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echo "- Reserved space for future snapshots"
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}
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# Handle interruption
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trap cleanup EXIT
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# Run migration
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main "$@" |